Different countries have various designations for individuals qualified as public accountants.CPA is a title used for local public accountants. In the US, for an individual to be a CPA accountant, he or she ought to have passed a certified public accountant examination which is normally uniform in all states. This has to be accompanied by experience and then proper levels of education required to be a certified public accountant.
However, in the United States, individuals are prohibited from using the designation CPA if they are not certified in that particular state. Therefore the use of that particular designation is restricted the state it was obtained until an out of state CPA acquires a license in the new state. There are other designations used to refer to lower tier accountants such as LPA (licensed public accountants) PA (public accountants).
CPAs play various functions. They may work as chief operations officers, chief executive officers or even as heads of financial departments subject to their business practice and knowledge. In the delivery of their services, they ensure adherence to generally accepted accounting principles which are applicable. Their primary roles entail financial audit services or what is commonly referred to as assurance services.
Accountants may opt to be business consultants. However this line of work limits the scope of jobs an individual can do since professional standards and the law provide that those people carrying out business audits must maintain a certain level of independence from those an attestation is being carried on. Therefore most accountants who are consultants are bound not to provide auditing services.
Whether in the public sector or under the employment of associations or corporations, CPAs operate in almost all areas of finance such as financial planning, income tax, financial analysis, cooperate finance, forensic accounting(They look for evidence on money laundering, tax evasion, securities fraud and embezzlement) Financial reporting, venture capital, assurance and attestation services(auditing and reviewing), estate planning, management consulting, regulatory reporting, tax preparation and planning and information technology(Combines IT and also accounting. This specialization deals with activities like testing systems to ensure accuracy, compliance with regulations and security.), environmental accounting(Involves managing environmental disputes, taking note of compliance audits and monitoring green initiatives)Though the examination sat for by those intending to be CPAs may be the same in many countries in the world, in countries such as the US, certification and licensing requirements vary from one state to another since they are determined by the laws adopted by individual states.
State requirements for an individual to qualify as a certified public accountant can be generally viewed as examinational, experience and education requirements. Some of these such as educational requirements are achieved as one seeks to realize the requirements to be eligible for certified public accountant examination. After one has had the stipulated experience, they are considered eligible for licensing.
Examinations for those seeking to be CPAs are divided into four; Regulation(examines candidates on tax ethics business law, federal procedures and state procedures, general business law and much more) Financial accounting and reporting, Business environment and concepts(entails matters of corporate governance, information systems a and strategic planning) and finally audit and attestation(covers topics like evaluating evidence, professional responsibilities, communicating audit findings, ethics and performing audits). Though aspects of the examination may be different in different countries, these remain the primary areas of examination.
Before one is licensed as an accountant with CPA, he or she has sit a special examination based on ethics. It lays emphasis on professional ethics and laws governing professional practice.
However, in the United States, individuals are prohibited from using the designation CPA if they are not certified in that particular state. Therefore the use of that particular designation is restricted the state it was obtained until an out of state CPA acquires a license in the new state. There are other designations used to refer to lower tier accountants such as LPA (licensed public accountants) PA (public accountants).
CPAs play various functions. They may work as chief operations officers, chief executive officers or even as heads of financial departments subject to their business practice and knowledge. In the delivery of their services, they ensure adherence to generally accepted accounting principles which are applicable. Their primary roles entail financial audit services or what is commonly referred to as assurance services.
Accountants may opt to be business consultants. However this line of work limits the scope of jobs an individual can do since professional standards and the law provide that those people carrying out business audits must maintain a certain level of independence from those an attestation is being carried on. Therefore most accountants who are consultants are bound not to provide auditing services.
Whether in the public sector or under the employment of associations or corporations, CPAs operate in almost all areas of finance such as financial planning, income tax, financial analysis, cooperate finance, forensic accounting(They look for evidence on money laundering, tax evasion, securities fraud and embezzlement) Financial reporting, venture capital, assurance and attestation services(auditing and reviewing), estate planning, management consulting, regulatory reporting, tax preparation and planning and information technology(Combines IT and also accounting. This specialization deals with activities like testing systems to ensure accuracy, compliance with regulations and security.), environmental accounting(Involves managing environmental disputes, taking note of compliance audits and monitoring green initiatives)Though the examination sat for by those intending to be CPAs may be the same in many countries in the world, in countries such as the US, certification and licensing requirements vary from one state to another since they are determined by the laws adopted by individual states.
State requirements for an individual to qualify as a certified public accountant can be generally viewed as examinational, experience and education requirements. Some of these such as educational requirements are achieved as one seeks to realize the requirements to be eligible for certified public accountant examination. After one has had the stipulated experience, they are considered eligible for licensing.
Examinations for those seeking to be CPAs are divided into four; Regulation(examines candidates on tax ethics business law, federal procedures and state procedures, general business law and much more) Financial accounting and reporting, Business environment and concepts(entails matters of corporate governance, information systems a and strategic planning) and finally audit and attestation(covers topics like evaluating evidence, professional responsibilities, communicating audit findings, ethics and performing audits). Though aspects of the examination may be different in different countries, these remain the primary areas of examination.
Before one is licensed as an accountant with CPA, he or she has sit a special examination based on ethics. It lays emphasis on professional ethics and laws governing professional practice.
Aucun commentaire:
Enregistrer un commentaire